Foundation for Oracle Database Administrator (DBA)

Oracle virtual box is virtualization workstation software we can run top on our base operating system to install different operating system.

Step 1: download oracle 12c in oracle website

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/dat...

Step 2: create group and user install oracle
#groupadd oinstall
#groupadd dba
#groupadd oper
#useradd -G dba,oper -g oinstall oracle
#passwd oracle

Step 3: create folder install oracle 
#mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1/db_1
#mkdir -p /u01/setup
#chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
#chmod -R 775 /u01

Step 4: Set parameter
#vi /etc/sysctl.conf
 add the following lines
 fs.file-max = 6815744
 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
 kernel.shmmni = 4096
 kernel.shmall = 1073741824
 kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
 net.core.rmem_default = 262144
 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
 net.core.wmem_default = 262144
 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
 #/sbin/sysctl -p
#vi /etc/security/limits.conf
 add the following lines
 oracle soft nofile 1024
 oracle hard nofile 65536
 oracle soft nproc 16384
 oracle hard nproc 16384
 oracle soft stack 10240
 oracle hard stack 32768

Step 5: Install the following packages if they are not already present.
 yum install binutils -y
 yum install compat-libcap1 -y
 yum install compat-libstdc++-33 -y
 yum install compat-libstdc++-33.i686 -y
 yum install gcc -y
 yum install gcc-c++ -y
 yum install glibc -y
 yum install glibc.i686 -y
 yum install glibc-devel -y
 yum install glibc-devel.i686 -y
 yum install ksh -y
 yum install libgcc -y
 yum install libgcc.i686 -y
 yum install libstdc++ -y
 yum install libstdc++.i686 -y
 yum install libstdc++-devel -y
 yum install libstdc++-devel.i686 -y
 yum install libaio -y
 yum install libaio.i686 -y
 yum install libaio-devel -y
 yum install libaio-devel.i686 -y
 yum install libXext -y
 yum install libXext.i686 -y
 yum install libXtst -y
 yum install libXtst.i686 -y
 yum install libX11 -y
 yum install libX11.i686 -y
 yum install libXau -y
 yum install libXau.i686 -y
 yum install libxcb -y
 yum install libxcb.i686 -y
 yum install libXi -y
 yum install libXi.i686 -y
 yum install make -y
 yum install sysstat -y
 yum install unixODBC -y
 yum install unixODBC-devel -y
 now, i installed all packages 
Step 6: add in hosts file
#vi /etc/hosts
 add the following lines
 192.168.10.100 oracle.test.com oracle.test
 oracle.test is hostname and 192.168.10.100 is ip address

Step 7: Set environmental variable for user ORACLE
#su - oracle
 $ cd ~
 $ vi .bash_profile
 add the following lines
 # Oracle Settings
 export TMP=/tmp
 export TMPDIR=$TMP
 export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle.test
 export ORACLE_UNQNAME=dbtest
 export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
 export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1/db_1
 export ORACLE_SID=dbtest
 export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
 export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
 export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
 export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

Step 8: Upload files to server using user Oracle

Step 9: Unzip files
$unzip linuxamd64_12c_database_1of2.zip.zip
$unzip linuxamd64_12c_database_2of2.zip.zip

Step 10: Install oracle DB
$xhost +
$cd /u01/setup/database
$./runInstaller
now, install ORACLE DATABSE using DBCA
$dbca

Step-1 

Setup CDB = DBTEST and PDB = pdbtest

SQL> select instance_name,con_id,version from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME        CON_ID VERSION
---------------- ---------- -----------------
dbtest                    0 12.1.0.2.0

Step -2   

How to see the plugable databases
SQL> show pdbs

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDBTEST                        READ WRITE NO
SQL>

SQL> SELECT name, open_mode FROM v$pdbs;

NAME                           OPEN_MODE
------------------------------ ----------
PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY
PDBTEST                        MOUNTED

Step-3

Switch to pdbs

alter session set container = PDBTEST

In Oracle 12c, you can connect to a PDB using two methods :

– Switch the container using Alter system set container …

Use connect command to connect to PDB using network alias

Step-4
Open Plugable database

SQL> alter pluggable database PDBTEST open;

Step-5 

How to check CDB:

 
select sys_context('USERENV','CON_NAME') CON_NAME, sys_context('USERENV','CON_ID') CON_ID,sys_context('USERENV','DB_NAME') DB_NAME from DUAL;

Step -6  How to check Pluggable database 

SQL>  select sys_context('USERENV','CON_NAME') CON_NAME, sys_context('USERENV','CON_ID') CON_ID,sys_context('USERENV','DB_NAME') DB_NAME from DUAL;

Step- 6

Usefull command to shutdown and start database

ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE OPEN READ WRITE [RESTRICTED] [FORCE];
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE OPEN READ ONLY [RESTRICTED] [FORCE];
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE OPEN UPGRADE [RESTRICTED];
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE CLOSE [IMMEDIATE];

Check the service name:

SELECT name, pdb FROM  v$services ORDER BY name;

Step- 7

Switching Between Containers

SQL> ALTER SESSION SET container = pdbtest;